Investment Institute

Alertas de mercado

UK reaction: Quarterly pace for now, but risks are to the downside

19 Septiembre 2024 (5 min de lectura)

Escrito por

Gabriella Dickens

G7 Economist – Macro Research

KEY POINTS

The MPC voted to keep Bank Rate unch at 5.0% today, in line with our own and market expectations. The vote split was 8:1, slightly more hawkish than the expected 7:2

We aren’t reading too much into this, however, and instead think the messaging is broadly that this was meant to be a non-event. We think a further 25bp cut in November is in keeping with the messaging that a “gradual pace” of tightening seems appropriate

Further ahead, we think the risks are skewed to the downside. Yes services CPI inflation and wage growth are higher in the UK than in its peers, but we look for a material slowdown over the next 12 months

And tighter-than-expected fiscal policy following the October 30th Budget looks very possible given recent signals from the government

For now, we maintain a quarterly pace of tightening this year and throughout 2025, leaving Bank Rate at 4.75% end-2024 and 3.75% end-2025. But the risks are to the downside, primarily associated with expected fiscal tightening

The Bank showed it was committed to a gradual path for easing today, voting to maintain Bank Rate at 5%, as both we, and the consensus, had expected. Eight of the nine members voted for no change, while Dhingra, voted for a further cut to 4.75% - Ramsden was also expected to maintain his vote, so the split was slightly more hawkish than the consensus had expected. But we doubt this was a signal, with the message from today’s meeting broadly being “nothing to see here”. Indeed, the MPC noted that there hadn’t been sufficient news on the UK since the August meeting to cut today. Separately, the MPC set the path for QT over the coming 12 months at £100bn, unchanged from the current pace. Note, though, that this means the pace of active sales will fall to around £13bn, given the pace of passive QT will rise to £87bn over the coming 12 months, from around £40bn.

We think a further 25p cut in November is in keeping with recent messaging. The MPC continued to highlight that within the group that voted for no change “there was a range of views” suggesting the vote remained close for those that changed their vote from August – namely Bailey, Ramsden, Lombardelli and Breeden – and that “a gradual approach to removing policy restraint seem appropriate”.

Looking ahead, and in keeping with the Bank’s recent three scenario characterisation, we think the skew of risks is tilted towards a faster pace of tightening. Admittedly, wage growth and services CPI inflation both remain above 5%, higher than in the Eurozone and the US. But pretty much every forward-looking indicator points to a more material slowdown over the coming 12 months, while households’ inflation expectations are now back broadly at the levels seen prior to the inflationary shock. In addition, CPI inflation has come in below the BoE’s forecasts in July and August, leading the Bank to revise down its end-year inflation expectation to 2.5%, from 2.75%. And the Committee noted the fall in global oil prices on the back of weaker demand and the 1% appreciation in the sterling effective exchange rate since the last meeting – it had been expected to remain broadly flat in the latest MPR – both of which are positive for the disinflationary outlook.

The main risk, though, stems from the October 30^th Budget – just a week before the Bank’s November meeting. This looks likely to increase pressure on the Bank to quicken the pace of the cutting cycle if fiscal policy is tightened by more than currently laid out by the previous government. This looks likely to us, given the recent signals from the new government, including the mention of the £22bn black hole in the public finances and the hints at potential further tax increases. If the government is more stringent on fiscal policy, we think the Bank will be forced to increase the pace of the cutting cycle to offset the hit on both households’ and businesses’ finances. For now, we are sticking with our forecast for just one further cut this year to 4.75%, but a December cut is a risk.